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Viaduc de Garabit

15320 Ruynes-en-Margeride, France (Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes)
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Status from 01/2017
 Free entry.
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not in present exhibition
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Location / Directions
N44.975278° E3.177500°N44°58.51668' E3°10.65000'N44°58'31.0008" E3°10'39.0000"
Ruynes-en-Margeride is a commune in the Cantal department in south-central France.

Nearest train station: Gare de Garabit, 15320 Loubaresse
Description

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia:
The Garabit Viaduct is a railway arch bridge spanning the River Truyère near Ruynes-en-Margeride (Fr), Cantal, France, in the mountainous Massif Central region. The bridge was constructed between 1882 and 1884 by Gustave Eiffel, with structural engineering by Maurice Koechlin, and was opened in 1885. It is 565 m (1,854 ft) in length and has a principal arch of 165 m (541 ft) span.

Background

By the end of the 1870s Eiffel & Cie, the company formed by Gustave Eiffel in partnership with Theophile Seyrig, had an established position among the leading French engineering companies. Between 1875 and 1877[3] the company had built the Maria Pia Bridge over the Douro at Porto, and when it was proposed to construct a railway between Marvejols and Neussargues in the Cantal department the work of constructing a viaduct to cross the River Truyère was given to Eiffel without the usual process of competitive tendering at the recommendation of the engineers of the state Highways Department since the technical problems involved were similar to those of the Maria Pia Bridge; indeed, it was Eiffel & Cie's success with this project that had led to the proposal for a viaduct at Garabit.

Bridge design and construction

Opening with a single track in November 1885, the Garabit Viaduct was 565 m (1,854 ft) long and weighed 3,587 tonnes (3,530 long tons; 3,954 short tons). Even more impressive, the actual deflection (load displacement) was measured at 8 millimetres (0.315 in), a figure precisely calculated by Eiffel. At 124 m (407 ft) above the river, the bridge was the world's highest when built.The overall project cost was 3,100,000 francs. Until 11 September 2009, one regular passenger train (in each direction) passed daily over the viaduct - a Corail route from Clermont-Ferrand to Béziers. On that date, the viaduct closed with cracks discovered in one of the foundation piles. After a safety inspection, the Garabit viaduct reopened the next month with a speed limit of 10 km/h (6 mph) for all traffic.
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